Risk factors for disseminated Strongyloides include immunosuppressive therapy, transplantation, hematologic malignant disease, human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection, human immunodeficiency virus, malnutrition, diabetes mellitus, chronic renal failure, hypogammaglobulinemia, anti-TNF receptor therapy, and chronic alcohol consumption.

HTLV-1, the retrovirus associated with adult T-cell leukemia, has a bidirectional relationship with Strongyloides. Co-infection of Strongyloides shortens the preleukemic phase of HTLV-1 infection. The Strongyloides antigen accelerates leukemogenesis, and treatment of the infection may actually decrease HTLV-1 viral load. Recent studies suggest that Strongyloides infection may be associated with increased incidence of GI lymphoma

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/788652-overview